Advanced industrial approach to biobased replacement of fossil-based raw materials: from the synthesis to the evaluation of the performances

In the last 150 years the humanity has gained an enormous quantity of knowledge about the world in every field, from medicine to engineering, but to fuel this development resources have been depleted with little care, and the demand on nature are so high that the current estimates are that humanity is using the resources 1.7 times faster than our planet's biocapacity can regenerate per year. These 150 years packed with knowledge led to the develop of industries that used fossil fuel. Those fossil fuel were created and stored in the hearth of the earth for millions of years, those high energy fuels were used to pump industries to produce more and more. Human population start rising rapidly like never before and this convinced even more that produce more was the right thing to do. As humans, we should have felt that something was off when we realized that the oil we were burning had taken so long to form. This should have been a clear sign that we were heading in the wrong direction. Understandably, at that time, the main focus was not on the environment but on generating profit and improving individual living conditions. However, I still see this mindset prevailing in much of the population, even among some scientists who should be fighting against the very system that has brought us to where we are now. The paradox we are living is that in which the most versatile and least expensive material, considering costs of production, the wide ranges of application and CO2 emitted, for individuals and the planet, is plastic—the same material polluting every natural element on Earth, raising the planet's CO2 levels, and disrupting its climate balance, including marine and atmospheric currents. The work herein was carried out in the Prof. Marcantoni’s research group, at the University of Camerino (Italia) with the collaboration of Elantas Europe company, from November 2021 to November 2024. This study has the main focus on the partial substitution of fossil based raw materials with the bio based trying to lower the impact of final product, in this case wire enamels. An introduction on wire enamels and its chemistry is described in the first chapters. An introduction on conformal coating and its chemistry is described 8.1. The experimental section is described in chapter 5, 6 and 8. It is necessary to say that the work done in Chapter 8 was conducted in Elantas GmbH, Hamburg (Germany). Additionally, in chapter 7 there is a novel aromatic diamine determination in a polyamic acid matrix solution.