Comparative study of Antiproliferative, Antioxidant and Antinociceptive activities of Cultivated, Wild and Commercial Roots of Gentiana lutea L.

Introduction: Gentiana lutea L. is a herbal species with a long-term use in traditional medicine and food products due to its digestive and stomachic properties. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the antiproliferative, antioxidant and antinociceptive activities of roots of G. lutea which is cultivated for the first time in the Monti Sibillini National Park (Italy) in comparison to wild and commercial roots. Methods: Methanolic extracts of cultivated, wild and commercial roots of G. lutea tested for antiproliferative activity against normal human skin fibroblast BJ (CRL2522), non-small cell lung cancer A549 and rat pheochromacytoma PC-12 Adh cell lines using MTT assay and free radical test using DPPH method. In addition, antinociceptive activity was also tested in mice with tail-clip and hot plate methods (1,2). Results: Extracts of cultivated, wild and commercial roots of G. lutea showed no antiproliferative activity against the tested cell lines using MTT assay so, the results supported the non-cytotoxicity and safety of G. lutea. DPPH free radical test pointed out that methanolic extract of the wild roots (GL2, IC50=3.60 μg/ml) showed the highest antiradical activity, followed by cultivated (GL1, IC50=3.88 μg/ml) and commercial (GL3, IC50=8.57 μg/ml) ones. A good linear correlation between the total polyphenols content of these extracts and DPPH inhibition percentage was observed. Moreover, we investigated the antinociceptive activity of gentian extracts at a dose of 500 mg/kg using tail clip and hot plate tests. GL1, GL2 and GL3 extracts showed a central spinal antinociceptive activity, but no central supraspinal antinociceptive activity. Conclusions: From finding obtained the obtained results, we can conclude that commercial roots (GL3) extract showed the highest antinociceptive activity followed by cultivated and wild roots without a cytotoxic activity. References 1. Yaşar, S.N., Can, O.D., Oztürk, N., Sagratini, G., Ricciutelli, M., Vittori, S., Maggi, F., 2013. Central nervous system activities of Hypericum origanifolium extract via GABAergic and opioidergic mechanisms, Phytother. Res., 27, 877-884 2. Kaygisiz, B., Kilic, F.S., Senguleroglu, N., Baydemir, C., Erol, K., 201). The antinociceptive effect and mechanisms of action of pregabalin in mice. Pharmacol. Rep., 67 129–133.