Biology Meets Design: From Observation to Computational Design Through Interdisciplinary Approaches in Bio-Inspired Design

The growing interest in bio-inspired design has fostered interdisci-plinary collaborations between biology, design, and technology, aiming to address sustainability challenges in innovative ways. This paper explores three case stud-ies where biological observation, computational modeling, and digital fabrication are integrated to translate natural principles into cutting-edge design solutions. At Arizona State University, spaces such as NatureSpace and The Biomimicry Center provide support for transforming biological insights into design concepts. NatureSpace offers inspiration through its collection of natural history speci-mens and visualization tools, enabling exploration, sketching, and creative support for research projects. The Biomimicry Center provides foundational training in biomimicry, teaching approaches to integrate nature into design while promoting cross-sector collaboration. The computational and digital fabrication phase takes place at the University of Camerino, where the SaadLab Prototype, a digital fab-rication laboratory, translates natural concepts into digital models and physical prototypes using technologies such as 3D printing. This research highlights how the synergy between biologists and designers fos-ters a holistic approach to bio-inspired design, advancing sustainable innovation across various sectors. By converging biology and design, these collaborations offer solutions to environmental challenges and contribute to the development of resource-efficient materials and products. This interdisciplinary research inte-grates theory and practice to highlight how bio-inspired design acts as a driver of innovation by identifying sustainable strategies and developing nature-inspired solutions.