Geospatial analysis of neotectonics in the Jebel Gustar Mountain, northeastern Algeria

This research investigates dynamic earth processes within the South Setifian allochthonous ensemble, providing insights into landscape evolution and seismotectonic activity within the Tellian mountain chain. Focusing on the Jebel Gustar and Kef Lahmar area, which includes 14 sub-basins, this research uses a DEM-based technique to assess Holocene activities, lineament characteristics, and stream systems. Five geomorphic indices are used to assess relative active tectonics: the stream length-gradient index (SL), drainage basin asymmetry (AF), valley-floor width to valley height ratio (VF), drainage basin shape (BS), and mountain front sinuosity (SMF). A weighted overlay of these five indices produces the Index of Relative Active Tectonics (IRAT) map. The findings reveal significant neotectonic activity in the study area, supported by profound basement faulting. This research highlights the morpho-structural processes and neotectonics activity in the Jebel Gustar, providing a framework for investigating the evolution of this structure. Additionally, it enhances comprehension of the interactions between the alpine range’s internal zones in Eastern Algeria and the Atlasic domain. This study proposes a systematic approach to evaluate the tectonic and geomorphological dynamics of the South Setif region.