Riflessioni teoriche e operatività nel restauro: il ruolo delle Soprintendenze marchigiane nella seconda metà del Novecento e il caso dei campanili di Fano

The Marche region paid a heavy toll to World War II in terms of human lives and devastation of its artistic and architectural heritage. Between the summer of 1944 and that of 1945, it became a theater of violent clashes, bombings, and targeted destructive actions. The consequent and necessary reconstruction work had a decisive impact on the configuration of some centers in the Marche, such as Fano, where the German Wehrmacht blew up the most important bell towers of the city. The Marche context of the post-war period represents a particularly interesting and not widely investigated example of the intervention methods that have affected some damaged monuments. In particular, the role of the Superintendencies is emphasized, which, in order to cope with the devastation, developed theoretical reflections and implemented diversified operational practices between mimetic reproductions and modern realizations, also with attention to the environmental conditions that would constitute the premises for the Venice Charter of 1964.