Metabolomics consists of the analysis of all metabolites that are present within an organism that provide unique insights into metabolic changes associated with disease [1]. Because of the high diagnostic potential of metabolomic studies, already established in humans with respiratory disease [2], we aimed to investigate the metabolomic profile of tracheal wash (TW) in horses affected by recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). Six horses with known history of RAO (1 male, 2 geldings, 3 females), median age 18 years, BCS 2.5-3.0, represented the study group (Group S). Six healthy horses with no history of RAO (1 male, 3 geldings, 2 females), median age 13 years, BCS 3.0, represented the control group (Group C). Tracheal wash was performed as described by others [3]; 5ml aliquot of TW, collected into sterile tubes with no anticoagulant, was used for cytological evaluation immediately after collection, another 1.5ml aliquot was stored at -80°C for metabolomic analysis. Endoscopic assessment of tracheal mucus (Grade 2-3) and cytologic examination by differential count of TW smears (neutrophils>30%), confirmed the acute phase of RAO in Group S [3]. The Mann-Whitney test was applied to find significant differences in metabolites concentrations between groups. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Metabolomic analysis, determined by 1H-NMR [4], showed a total of 38 molecules in TW samples and 13 out of 38 showed significant differences between groups. Mean values ± standard deviations of significant different metabolites between groups are expressed as mM/L x10-2: Histamine (Group S=2.7±0.8; Group C=1.5±0.2), Valine (Group S=1.8±1.2; Group C=0.6±0.3), Leucine (Group S=4.3±3.1; Group C=1.2±0.8), Isoleucine (Group S=2.5±1.6; Group C=0.9±0.2), Glutamate (Group S=6.3±2.1; Group C=2.6±1.1), Aspartate (Group S=10.8±3.8; Group C=7.7±2.7), Taurine (Group S=20.2±9.9; Group C=10.7±8.8), Alanine (Group S=3.8±2.2; Group C=1.6±1.0), Lactate (Group S=18.9±18.4; Group C=102.5±114.9), Methylamine (Group S=0.2±0.1; Group C=0.5±0.5), Dimethylamine (Group S=0.05±0.03; Group C=0.11±0.02), Propylene glycol (Group S=0.2±0.1; Group C=0.5±0.4), and O-phosphocholine (Group S=0.2±0.1; Group C=0.5±0.3). Changes in given metabolites might result from the inflammatory process as well as from the oxidative stress associated with lower airway disorders occurring in horses suffering from RAO [5]. On the basis of our results, metabolomic analysis of TW could represent a valuable diagnostic tool in horses with RAO.

Tracheal Wash Metabolome in Horses with Recurrent Airways Obstruction (RAO)

Marilena Bazzano;Gian Enrico Magi;Fabrizio Dini;Evelina Serri;Andrea Spaterna;Fulvio Laus
2018-01-01

Abstract

Metabolomics consists of the analysis of all metabolites that are present within an organism that provide unique insights into metabolic changes associated with disease [1]. Because of the high diagnostic potential of metabolomic studies, already established in humans with respiratory disease [2], we aimed to investigate the metabolomic profile of tracheal wash (TW) in horses affected by recurrent airway obstruction (RAO). Six horses with known history of RAO (1 male, 2 geldings, 3 females), median age 18 years, BCS 2.5-3.0, represented the study group (Group S). Six healthy horses with no history of RAO (1 male, 3 geldings, 2 females), median age 13 years, BCS 3.0, represented the control group (Group C). Tracheal wash was performed as described by others [3]; 5ml aliquot of TW, collected into sterile tubes with no anticoagulant, was used for cytological evaluation immediately after collection, another 1.5ml aliquot was stored at -80°C for metabolomic analysis. Endoscopic assessment of tracheal mucus (Grade 2-3) and cytologic examination by differential count of TW smears (neutrophils>30%), confirmed the acute phase of RAO in Group S [3]. The Mann-Whitney test was applied to find significant differences in metabolites concentrations between groups. P values <0.05 were considered statistically significant. Metabolomic analysis, determined by 1H-NMR [4], showed a total of 38 molecules in TW samples and 13 out of 38 showed significant differences between groups. Mean values ± standard deviations of significant different metabolites between groups are expressed as mM/L x10-2: Histamine (Group S=2.7±0.8; Group C=1.5±0.2), Valine (Group S=1.8±1.2; Group C=0.6±0.3), Leucine (Group S=4.3±3.1; Group C=1.2±0.8), Isoleucine (Group S=2.5±1.6; Group C=0.9±0.2), Glutamate (Group S=6.3±2.1; Group C=2.6±1.1), Aspartate (Group S=10.8±3.8; Group C=7.7±2.7), Taurine (Group S=20.2±9.9; Group C=10.7±8.8), Alanine (Group S=3.8±2.2; Group C=1.6±1.0), Lactate (Group S=18.9±18.4; Group C=102.5±114.9), Methylamine (Group S=0.2±0.1; Group C=0.5±0.5), Dimethylamine (Group S=0.05±0.03; Group C=0.11±0.02), Propylene glycol (Group S=0.2±0.1; Group C=0.5±0.4), and O-phosphocholine (Group S=0.2±0.1; Group C=0.5±0.3). Changes in given metabolites might result from the inflammatory process as well as from the oxidative stress associated with lower airway disorders occurring in horses suffering from RAO [5]. On the basis of our results, metabolomic analysis of TW could represent a valuable diagnostic tool in horses with RAO.
2018
File in questo prodotto:
File Dimensione Formato  
atti_sisvet_2018.pdf

accesso aperto

Tipologia: Versione Editoriale
Licenza: DRM non definito
Dimensione 4.14 MB
Formato Adobe PDF
4.14 MB Adobe PDF Visualizza/Apri

I documenti in IRIS sono protetti da copyright e tutti i diritti sono riservati, salvo diversa indicazione.

Utilizza questo identificativo per citare o creare un link a questo documento: https://hdl.handle.net/11581/422745
Citazioni
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.pmc??? ND
  • Scopus ND
  • ???jsp.display-item.citation.isi??? ND
social impact