Pliocene-Pleistocene geomorphological evolution of the Adriatic side of central Italy

This work is a significant contribution to the knowledge of Quaternary and pre-Quaternary morphogenesis of a wide sector of central Italy, from the Apennine chain to the Adriatic Sea. The goal is achieved through a careful analysis and interpretation of stratigraphic and tectonic data relating to marine and continental sediments and, mostly, through the study of relict limbs of ancient landscapes (erosional surfaces shaped by prevailing planation processes). The most important scientific datum is the definition of the time span in which the modeling of the oldest morphological element (the "summit relict surface”) occurred: it started during Messinian in the westernmost portion and after a significant phase during middle-late Pliocene, ended in the early Pleistocene. During middle and late Pleistocene, the rapid tectonic uplift of the area and the climate fluctuations favored the deepening of the hydrographic network and the genesis of three orders of fluvial terraces, thus completing the fundamental features of landscape. The subsequent Holocene evolution reshaped the minor elements, but not the basic ones.