ENDOMETRIAL CANCER: FROM BIOLOGICAL TO CLINICAL APPROACHES

In developed countries, cancer of the endometrium (EC) is the most common cancer of the female reproductive organs, affecting mainly postmenopausal women. The highest incidence of EC is in Northern America and Europe, but its incidence is growing around the world. Several factors influence the risk of developing EC, including: impaired hormone levels, obesity, physical activity, family history, and having been diagnosed with breast or ovarian cancer in the past. For EC, a standard screening test does not exist. It is often diagnosed at stage I/II due to frequent vaginal bleeding, while invasive EC (stage III/IV) is mainly diagnosed in its advanced stage. Despite the different clinical improvements when EC is progressed to the advanced/ metastatic stage, the patients still have poor prognoses and unsatisfactory outcomes with conventional chemotherapy. The need for precision drugs is underscored by the limited number of options these patients have. So, the introduction of new techniques and the discovery of new biological characteristics, such as identification of transcriptome, proteome and metabolomics profiles, and new potential diagnostic/ prognostic biomarkers are fundamental to improve our knowledges on EC. The scope of this Research Topic is to welcome articles and reviews from clinicians and scientists around the world in order to give an updated vision of the recent clinical insights, technical advances, and cellular and molecular targets related to endometrial cancer.